Questions tagged [international-relations]
For questions about interactions between sovereign states.
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Where can I find statistics on Soviet education of foreign students and in foreign countries?
I'm looking for statistics on soviet education of the foreign students and in foreign countries. In particular, I am trying to find numbers on:
How many foreigners were educated in Soviet Union (e.g. ...
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Has there ever been a great power that offered a major concession to a non-great power from a position of strength?
Per title. I'm aware "great power" & "major concession" aren't well defined, so as long as some reputable historian calls them so that suffices for me.
There are plenty of ...
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Has the USA ever sanctioned Israel? [closed]
The USA has always been a strong supporter of Israel. In comparison, USA has repeatedly sanctioned Iran. When searching if USA has ever sanctioned Israel, didn't find anything.
Has USA ever sanction ...
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Can you recommend books on WW2 Allied conferences?
Are there recommended books that analyze and present a history of the Allied conferences of WW2? I looked at the references here https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplomatic_history_of_World_War_II and a ...
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Is there a daily dairy of WWII?
Can someone suggest a hardcover book that comprehensively chronicles the history of WW II on a day-by-day or week-by-week diary basis that spans 1939 - 1945? Comprehensively in terms of addressing the ...
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Why was the US so pro-China and so anti-Japan before WW2?
There is little doubt that the US embargoes on Japan pushed an already aggressive Japan towards Pearl Harbor. Japanese Navy doctrine had already been contemplating a conflict with the US and this ...
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Why did Western democracies sign the Munich Agreement?
Why did Western democracies sign the Munich Agreement with Nazi
Germany when they knew the nature of Nazi regime? What did they want to obtain by signing this agreement?
In 1938/1939, two pacts/...
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Has there ever arisen a nation-state without violence/war/extreme subordination? [closed]
Has there ever arisen a nation-state (building/birth/creation of a new nation state) without violence/war/extreme subordination? But rather peacefully, organically, with all parties and neighbours ...
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Which country has been credited with the most regime changes, by historians, since 1900? [closed]
I recently discussed with an acquaintance of mine about the Russian interference in the USA presidential elections of 2016. Our discussion was more focus on the IT aspects of the saga but at one point ...
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What happens to interned military personnel if war is declared post-internment?
Here is a real-world example during World War I. The German ship SMS Geier sails to neutral port in Hawaii in 1914, territory of the United States. Since the USA and Germany are not at war, the ship ...
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Was Queen Elizabeth II ever the head of state of Namibia?
Let's set the scene, WW1 is over and part of the negotiations, and the only thing we're really focusing on here, is that Deutsch-Südwestafrika becomes administered by the Union of South Africa, the ...
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Why might one think that Australia gained independence from the UK in December 1920?
I'm looking at a dataset claims that Australia gained independence from the UK in December 1920.†
I found this puzzling and this could very well just be a mistake. But I'm wondering if there's any ...
user3521
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Did any UK declaration of war extend automatically to Australia?
On 1939-09-03, the UK declared war on Germany and Australia did the same.
A New Zealand government website claims:
In contrast to its entry into the First World War, New Zealand acted in its own ...
user3521
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Has there ever been a cold war other than between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.?
At any time in world history, has there ever been two nations involved in a "cold war" similar to the one between the U.S. and U.S.S.R., and notably including proxy wars?
My thanks to Lars Bosteen, ...
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Why was the duration of territorial contracts often 99 years?
This is based on this Reddit question, but I rectified its mistakes.
For example, some European colonies in China were leased for 99 years, like German Kiautschou and the New Territories (but not ...
user8309
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Was there trade among African empires?
I've been searching, without success so far on mainstream history media (mainly references given by teachers, references on Wikipedia and stuff like this) and have not found any evidences (or proofs ...
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Besides Mexico, who was considered as a potential ally of the Central Powers?
The Zimmermann telegram to the embassy in Mexico outright suggests that German Empire is trying to court Mexico as an ally in the Great War:
We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted ...
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Articles 3 & 5 of the Tripartite Pact are unclearly formulated. Was this standard for the period?
Tripartite Pact: ARTICLE 3 and ARTICLE 5
ARTICLE 3. Japan, Germany, and Italy agree to cooperate in their
efforts on aforesaid lines. They further undertake to assist one
another with all ...
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What is the difference between annexing, occupying and taking over a country? [closed]
Hitler in WW2 annexed or took over Austria, but occupied France and Belgium. What is the difference?
When Hitler took a sliver of Poland, and Czechoslovakia, did he take over or did he occupy it?
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Did foreign countries respond to the Munich Putsch?
Did the Munich Putsch put Hitler in the spotlight on an international level? If so why didn't the league of nations act – or any other country for that matter?
On the surface the Beer-Hall Putsch ...
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Besides the US in 1958, has there been a post-WWII show of force by any military in the Taiwan Strait (excluding Taiwan and China)?
CNN's article US Vice President Pence set to inflame China tensions: 'We will not be intimidated' describes an upcoming speech by US VP Pence and the existence of a proposed military exercise in ...
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What is the correct timeline of events for the boycott of the Olympic Games 1980 in Moscow
Coming from the recent question of How did the US government manage to enforce the 1980 boycott of the Olympic Games in Russia? and a comment in that thread I kept wondering.
Who was the first and ...
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Were secret treaties ratified? How did they become official while remaining secret?
Up to early 20th century, secret treaties or secret protocols seemed to be common. For example:
The Russian-French alliance before WW I was partly based on a "a secret treaty in 1894"
The secret ...
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How was the Washington Naval Treaty enforced?
In view of Pearl Harbor, I would be interested to know how the Washington Naval Treaty was enforced - if at all? - given that this was before the establishment of the UN.
Would the the signatories ...
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Was any war started by a country (both of its people and leadership) knowing defeat was inevitable?
Most Japanese people today wonder why Japan started a war against USA because it seems to them that it had no chance of winning. Susumu Nishibe, who died suddenly last month, often said in his TV ...
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What did the smaller values from the "Percentages Agreement" actually mean?
I am currently living in Romania and I have heard on several occasions about the Percentages agreement.
The article mentions that it was a secret agreement, so most of the information about it was ...
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Did the Pope's crossbow and archery bans have any effect?
One of the more famous and certainly curious decisions at the Second Council of the Lateran in 1139 was a ban on using missile troops against Christians. Specifically, Canon 29 states that:
We ...
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Why were Soviet attitudes towards Israel inconsistent in the late 40's and 50's?
What are the different theories explaining the inconsistent attitude Soviet Russia had towards the nascent State of Israel between the years 1947 and 1953?
Communist Russia's hate of Zionism is well ...
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When the Chinese were driven out of modern Vietnam in AD 938, did an Vietnamese ethnic identity already exist?
With some periods of interruption, China dominated Vietnam for more than 10 centuries between 111 BC and 938 AD. This wikipedia article and its subsidiary links spoke of sinification and shifting of ...
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Did the Central Powers during World War 1 try to sue for peace before the Armistice?
Given their limited offensive actions during the trench warfare, the Austro-Hungarians were surely considering this was as far as they could actually advance. Didn't they put up negotiation positions ...
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Did international laws on wars of conquest change in 1945?
From a comment on what victors can do to losers in a war:
Since this is a history site, we should also note that wars of conquest are no longer legal after 1945, so "most of history" no longer ...
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Who thought there might be a war between the British Empire and the United States of America in the 1920s?
A naval arms race in the 1920s grew ugly enough that commentators on
both sides of the Atlantic were claiming war “not unthinkable.”
This quote is from a lecture by an academic called John Moser; ...
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Was it not clear to the WWI allies that they were over-reaching with the treaty of Sevres?
In the treaty of Sevres, the Ottoman Empire was made to cede not only all (?) territories outside modern-day Turkey, but also:
Control of the Bosphorus straight and the Dardanelles
Significant ...
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What are the current obligations of Treaty of Lausanne?
The Turkish President Erdogan and his followers are always talking about that they should update the Treaty of Lausanne or even they are claiming that it will expire on 2023 and they are saying that ...
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Why don't the Americas use ISO paper sizes?
In the mid-sixties, most countries standardized on ISO paper sizes (A-series, B-series, etc.). The Americas didn't. Why not?
(Around the same time there was a failed push in the US to switch to ...
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Why don't the Americas use ISO paper sizes? [duplicate]
In the mid-sixties, most countries standardized on ISO paper sizes (A-series, B-series, etc.). The Americas didn't. Why not?
(Around the same time there was a failed push in the US to switch to ...
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Why was the Jay Treaty so hated by the American public?
Why was the Jay Treaty so hated by the American public? I've read that many people hated it, but I don't understand why. It ensured the United States would get back forts that had been taken by ...
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In the early 1900s, how did US politicians treat black dignitaries from other countries?
Are there any historical records of US politicians (especially southern politicians) treating black dignitaries (especially royalty) with great pomp and ceremony, while simultaneously and ...
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Why did the United States issue the Monroe Doctrine when it did?
The Monroe Doctrine – probably the most long-lasting declaration in American diplomatic history – was issued in 1824, when the U.S. were still not a very strong nation.
Why did President Monroe issue ...
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What is the largest secret kept in history? [closed]
What is the largest successfully or semi-successfully kept secret in human history?
Some definitions:
Successfully - If a secret was kept entirely secret successfully, we wouldn't know about it. ...
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Why was Franklin D. Roosevelt pro-intervention?
In the lead-up to WW2, most Americans were in favor of neutrality and isolation. President Roosevelt, however, was privately in favor of intervention.
One paragraph from Wikipedia summarizes it ...
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Is the Loi Lamine Gueye- law n ° 46-940 of May 7, 1946 enacted by the French Parliament active even today?
How many countries(former French colonies) have annulled this? And, has this been annulled by France as well after the dissolution of French Union?
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When has a sovereign state last given territory to another as a gift?
There is a very popular ongoing Norwegian petition to give Finland a mountaintop for the 100th anniversary of its independence (6 December 2017), by moving the border a short distance. The barren ...
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What was the process by which the modern border control system developed? [duplicate]
I know that today, if I take a cruise of the Mediterranean, then each time the boat stops in a new country, and I wish to go ashore and see the sites, that I will need to have appropriate ...
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Is there a precedent for private companies maintaining a military force? [closed]
In general we think of Corporations as not acting on nations with force, simply with legal power. (Perhaps they maintain a fleet of security guards). We generally think of Corporations as leaving the ...
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What was said about Vermont in the Paris negotiations of 1782?
In November 1782 the Preliminary Articles of Peace between Britain and the United States were signed. They specified where the boundaries of the United States were. I have two questions:
(1) Did ...
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Why didn't America "rent" parts of China? [closed]
After the Opium War, Britain and France signed treaties with China that said they could establish "spheres of influence" over parts of China. Britain and France went this way, but why didn't America?
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What motivated revolutionary France to declare war on Britain in 1793?
France declared war on Britain in 1793 (War of First Coalition). What was its motivation for declaring war? It was already at war with many European powers at the moment, and it was not likely in a ...
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What, if anything, did Native Americans know about the rest of the world? [duplicate]
Did the indigenous tribes of North America know anything at all about civilization outside the continent before the fifteenth century? If so, how much did they know, and what international relations ...
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Why didn't the participants of the Korean War also fight in the Vietnam War?
In the Korean war from 1950 to 1953, a lot of countries including the U.S., the U.K., France, Canada, Australia, and even Colombia, the Philippines and Ethiopia participated in the war under the U.N. ...
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