New answers tagged 20th-century
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Ballistic missile delivery depends very much on knowing exactly where you are launching from. Early SLBM launch platforms had typical positional uncertainties of 100's of metres. As the missile and any MIRV warheads were just unguided projectiles launch positional errors magnified and the resultant destination error could be very wide.
Land based missiles ...
1
The term: "man for man" is that they achieved a better result on a per capita basis. However there is an interesting study mentioned in the book: "Blizkreig" by Len Deighton, of fighting in North Africa. Which showned that the Germans improvised better than their opposition and fought better when they lost their leadership and NCO's.
From Depuy's book:
...
0
There are three main answers :
The German High Sea Fleet was in a position to threaten the Royal Navy until the Battle of Jutland (1916).
The German had laid a very large number of mines to protect their shores (which explains why the German High Sea Fleet survived after the Battle of Jutland where they had been (almost) trapped by the Royal Navy.
...
2
If such discrimination existed, it certainly would be secret. We can judge about it only from rumors.
The paper deals with filtering allegedly happened on a faculty of fundamental mathematics, where Chineese-Russian mathematician Alexander Hanyevich Shen (to whom the cited list is attributed) is working (I met him personally several times). Since he is a ...
1
There are enough mentionings of Mozart e.g. in the Wikipedia article on Frédéric Chopin (1810–1849), another child prodigy, classical music composer, and pianist who died young, to convince me that Mozart was studied and taken seriously for one by the French musical elite in the (early) 19th century, i.e. well before WW II.
Seven-year-old "little Chopin" ...
1
Saudi Arabia encompasses large deserts, and industrial goods have a low "value to weight" ratio. The goods that are likely to be shipped across such deserts have a high value relative to their weight, such as cinnamin, silk, and precious metals.
At the time of the Industrial Revolution (in Europe), most people of Saudi Arabia were still nomadic. People who ...
-1
North Korea wasn't attacked because they has nuclear missile, Iraq was attacked because iraq attacked to Kuwait and Israel.
but after Iraq war U.S shift war policy to diplomacy and dialogue with iran by economic sanctions, which actully sounds like failed a couple days ago. Syria's civil war is infact a war with Iran.
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Europe and East Asia didn't industrialize at the same time. In all of East Asia, probably the first country to Industrialize was Japan, and that didn't happen until the right around the beginning of the 20th century, nearly a century after the process started in Western Europe.
So really you have to compare with Europe. The big advantage here was simply ...
2
Well, turns out that there is a wikipedia article about this. It is not clear from the article how valuable in reality was the help the US got from Lucky Luciano. It certainly was valuable for him, procuring him an eventual release from prison...
2
Nick,
In an effort to ensure your post doesn't become fodder for Nationalists and Neo-Nazis, don't confuse Dupuy's conclusions. He did not conclude that the Germans were "man for man" better but rather that their leadership was better, particularly at the NCO level right up to the General Staff level. This is the primary reason, he concludes, that the ...
8
The Colonel was of Scottish descent and served with the King's Own Scottish Borderers in WW I (according to Wikipedia). The trouser pattern in question could well exhibit the unit's (mainly green-and-blue) tartan. Also, the cape he wears appears very similar to those exhibited at the King's Own Scottish Borderers Regimental Museum's web site. And as for him ...
3
Who ever wrote this is wrong:
"In 1941, the Germans had the advantages of surprise, preparedness, superior tactical doctrine. In 1942, the Germans had lost the first two advantages, but their superior doctrine made the difference. By 1943, the Soviet forces had caught up, in some cases overtaken the Germans in quality of equipment, and doctrine. Only the ...
2
First, a correction on Deuterium; it is a hydrogen atom with a neutron as well as a proton in its nucleus, giving it an atomic mass of ~2 instead of ~1. Heavy water is a molecule with one hydrogen and one deuterium atom bonding to the oxygen, instead of two regular hydrogen bonding to the oxygen. It's chemical formula is DHO, (or sometimes colloquially but ...
1
A recommended reading here is Farm to Factory: A Reinterpretation of the Soviet Industrial Revolution by British economic historian Robert Allen. I don't know the literature in detail, but Allen is generally very well respected for his work. (Google finds a review of the book here). From Amazon's page on the book:
Although the Russian economy began to ...
2
No. It is generally considered to be a failure.
The chief problem was the recurrent scissor's crises due to the agricultural sector not being incorporated into a commodity economy. As the price of agricultural goods declined, peasants would withdraw from the market economy and the (very few) Kulaks did likewise, reverting from small rural capitalists to ...
1
Yup. Although not vital to the war, they were useful.
First, WW1 was the first war to use chemical weapons. Due to dogs superior sense of smell, they could smell oncoming gas attacks and and alert their handlers, thus minimizing the effect of the poison gas before gas masks could be donned.
Another use was guarding. This was not really specific to WW1. ...
4
The main historiography, which you should really have searched prior to asking the question. Most obviously Sheila Fitzpatrick's work on everyday Stalinism at the work unit level, particularly Everyday Stalinism: Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times (1999). Rossman (2005) Worker resistance under Stalin. Andrle (1988) Workers in Stalin's Russia.
2
The issue that brought about the breakup of A T & T was that it controlled 1) regional telecommunications, 2) long distance telecommunications, and 3) telecom equipment (Western Electric, Bell Labs), etc. under one roof. That allowed one company to control "too much" of the whole sector.
Regulators gave A T& T the choice of divesting either the ...
2
Wikipedia and Timeline provide a hint of the many discoveries that Bell Labs was working on during the breakup. A partial list of answers includes optical routers, signaling, lasers, HDTV, optical digital processors and the like.
1
In this case "Breakthrough" is less accurate than "Breakdown". Even before the Americans arrived the Germans had far fewer men covering each mile of front than the French + British. In fact, at that point in the war the Germans only wanted a victory that would push the war into peace talks and give them a strong bargaining position. With the failure of ...
5
If you look at ace sinking by year you'll find that aces could only develop their sink counts during "happy times," when a technical and doctrinal superiority favoured mass sinkings. These times often involved unimpeded surface running, surface attacks on individual ships, an absence of convoy systems and loosely protected convoys.
While it may be ...
3
For a partial answer, you can work backwards from the birth dates of prominent students. It was customary to start this kind of education after finishing high school at the age of 18: A Benjamin Strasser (1888–1955) did so in 1905.
As for the admission process, the place and time suggests to me that once the applicant was able to muster the basic ...
2
The tide turned pyschologoically at the (Second) Battle of the Marne, where the Germans reached their "high water mark" before being turned back by soldiers of the U.S. Third Division (a later "version" of this same division distinguished itself in the Iraq War). The psychological impact was comparable to the arrival of the Prussians at Waterloo. Basically, ...
1
One of Khruschev's main concerns during his tenure was agricultural reform, which was grounded in his desire to see Soviet citizens, "live better," or at least "eat better."
Ironically, China's 1957 "Great Leap Forward" was part of that program. China's idea was to ship "surplus" food to the Soviet Union in exchange for help in "industrial" development, ...
0
My guess is that these were the officers of the Japanese 38th Army.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_French_Indochina_Campaign
There was a strange line up. On one hand, you had the "Allies," who included the French and the Nationalist Chinese. Ho Chi Minh hated these people.
"The enemy of my enem(ies) is my friend." As such, the Japanese were Ho Chi ...
3
This depends on many conditions (especially the type of gun), but I will outline a few of the main ones here.
Vickers Machine Gun (1912)
Rate of fire - 450-500 rounds/min.
Effective range - 2000 m
Maximum Range - 4100 m
Weight - 15-23 kg
Muzzle Velocity - 744 m/sec
MG 08 (adapted from 1884 Maxim Gun)
Rate of fire - 450-500 rounds/min.
Effective range ...
4
By January 1964, public opinion had started to change - 68% now supported a meaningful civil rights act. President Johnson signed the 1964 Civil Rights Act in July of that year.
I'm not quite sure how to answer your first question; the syntax is very difficult, and I have no idea how to measure how many people did not oppose a measure. What I can ...
3
The Germans in fact made such a request. Of course the word "request" in this context should really have irony quotes, considering the disparity in power between the two countries, and the fact that Germany was not going to take "no" for an answer.
Germany wanted free escort through Belgium (and originally the
Netherlands as well, which plan Kaiser ...
2
I believe the "Tooth-to-tail ratio", the ratio of combat personnel to support personnel, is a useful guide for how many troops would have been involved in fighting. This is a slightly dodger proposition today in wars without a front-line (where logistics personal have a very real prospect of being engaged), but seems reasonable for WW2. I happen to be ...
0
Here is some info:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/World_War_II_Casualties2.svg
Also here:
enter link description here
But note that it varies from source to source , and maybe a book could give better information's.
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All depends on the aircraft, development went very quickly during WW1. In the early days it was indeed a very precarious business, aircraft were very new and nobody really knew what they were doing.
As a result new designs were pushed into service that were indeed unstable, very unreliable, and put in the hands of people who had little or no training or ...
9
Here are some rough specs for common planes (as I said in the comment, the endurance depends on various factors).
Sopwith Camel (BR)
combat endurance (at 1000 m) - 2:30 (hr.:min.)
cruise endurance (...) - 5:00
SPAD S.XIII (FR)
combat endurance (...) - 1:30-2:00
cruise endurance (...) - 3:00
Albatross D.III (GER)
combat endurance (...) - 1:30-2:00
...
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