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The Mongols wore silk underneath their armor. The benefit of using silk was that if a Mongol warrior was hit with an arrow the silk would not break and they could pull the arrow out by pulling on the silk on each side of the wound and the arrow would come out. References: Review of Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World Mongol War Strategy Koryo ...

After Mongols lost control of China (end of Yuan dynasty), there were many struggles between Mongols and Chinese as well as different Mongol tribes. These struggles weakened the integration among Mongols. After a successful but short-lived unification attempt by Dayan Khan, a more organized disintegration took place giving birth to Khalkha Mongols (formerly ...

A smithy capable of producing horseshoes and simple iron weapons can be constructed in a matter of days. Nomad does not mean "moves every day", the non-raiding members of a group would have spent most of winter in one place, and everyone would have spent weeks at a time in single places. Nomadic blacksmiths are not paradoxical at all.

The most important thing Kublai Khan did for culture was to found the Yuan Dynasty, which sought to rule what Genghis had conquered. It initiated trade between east and west, cross-pollinating ideas and culture. Specifically in China, this resulted in advancements in the arts - painting, calligraphy and poetry combined into a new discipline similar to ...

"Inner Mongolia," now part of China's "Manchuria," had been absorbed by the Manchus in the 1630s, even before they conquered China in the 1640s. So it became part of "greater China." (Outer) Mongolia became a tributary state of the Qing dynasty in the 1690s, but retained its "integrity" as a geographical unit. After the Chinese Revolution of 1911, and the ...

I'll start with a little background knowledge that I have of Mongolia. Tibetan Buddhism was readily accepted because its tantric nature incorporated many of the traditional shamanistic beliefs. This form of Buddhism took hold and helped "assimilate" Mongolia. By the 17th century Mongolia was incorporated under Chinese rule, having submitted to the Manchus, ...

Genghis Khan's general Subutai was said to be the son of a blacksmith, so they apparently did have their own smiths. Pastoralists with good access to horses and carts would have been quite capable of bringing along fairly heavy objects if they felt the need for doing so.

Soviet influence was apparently pervasive in all the public sphere in Mongolia. Wikipedia has a whole separate article on Mongolian economy during the time which shows in many ways that Mongolia was closely monitored and guided by the Soviets. Here's one typical extract: Mongolia's five-year plans were coordinated with those of the Soviet Union ...