For the general animal group (and on earth), I'll put in Great Bear Lake. Area= 12,028 mi² (31,153 sq km ). It doesn't appear to be named after a specific bear however, so may not qualify.
Going over some lists of mountain ranges finds several named after animals:
Owl Mountains, Musk Ox Mountains, Big Salmon Range, Camelsfoot Range, Cariboo Mountains, Elk River Mountains, Goat Range, Bear River Mountains, Beartooth Mountains,Beaverhead Mountains, ect. Its a long list, with many entries in the US and Canada. A couple that struck me as notable referenced camels, not native to North America, so those turned up to have at least some historical reference.
Camelsfoot Range. Found in British Columbia, the story here is from Wikipedia:
Camelsfoot Peak and the range itself take their name from an odd
episode in the story of the Fraser and Cariboo Gold Rushes. Frank
Laumeister, a United States veteran of the Camel Corps, bought 23
camels from the US military, which was ending their use. He used the
animals to carry freight on the Douglas Road and the Old Cariboo Road
from Lillooet to Fort Alexandria, and later on the new Cariboo Wagon
Road from Yale. After this, he finally discontinued using the camels.
Horses could not stand their smell, the camels' soft feet were hurt by
the rocky soils of the BC Interior and the canyon trails, and handlers
found them difficult. Many escaped retirement into the wilds.
Dead Camel Mountains. A very similar story related to these same US Army camels can be found associated with these mountains found in Nevada. From a rock hounding site, RareRocksAndGems.com:
In 1855, under the direction of then-Secretary of War Jefferson Davis,
Congress appropriated $30,000 for "the purchase and importation of
camels and dromedaries to be employed for military purposes." Davis
believed that camels were key to the country's expansion westward; a
transcontinental railroad was still decades away from being built, and
he thought the animals could be well suited to haul supplies between
remote military outposts. By 1857, after a pair of successful trips to
the Mediterranean and the Middle East, the U.S. Army had purchased and
imported 75 camels. Within a decade, though, each and every one would
be sold at auction.
An entrepreneur of the frontier named Samuel McLaughlin bought the
entire herd in February 1864, then shipped several camels out to
Nevada to haul salt and mining supplies in Virginia City. (McLaughlin
raised money for the trip by organizing a camel race in Sacramento. A
crowd of 1,000 people reportedly turned up to watch the spectacle.)
According to Gray's account, the animals that remained in California
were sold to zoos, circuses, and even back to Beale himself: "For
years one might have seen Beale working camels about his ranch and
making pleasure trips with them, accompanied by his family."
And as for the rest? Many were put to use in Nevada mining towns, the
unluckiest were sold to butchers and meat markets, and some were
driven to Arizona to aid with the construction of a transcontinental
railroad. When that railroad opened, though, it quickly sunk any
remaining prospects for camel-based freight in the southwest. Owners
who didn't sell their herds to travelling entertainers or zoos
reportedly turned them loose on the desert.
Feral camels did survive in the desert, although there almost
certainly weren't enough living in the wild to support a thriving
population. Sightings, while uncommon, were reported throughout the
region up until the early 20th century. A young Douglas MacArthur,
living in New Mexico in 1885, heard about a wild camel wandering near
Fort Selden. A pair of camels were spotted south of the border in
1887. Estimates of "six to ten" actual sightings up to 1890 or so.
This source also states the actual source of the name:
The Dead Camel Mountains where named for the discovery of one of these
Feral camels found by local prospectors in 1891.
This information is sourced as coming from the Churchill County Museum,in Nevada. So this mountain range in Nevada may qualify, as it is named after a specific individual 'dead camel' found in 1891. Size is tough to estimate on mountain ranges, but a site here estimates the Dead Camels to cover about 265 sq mi or 686 sq km.
