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I recently came across a pic of the bow and arrows of the famous Indian king Maharana Pratap.
I am curious to know what purpose does the half-moon-shaped arrow have, was it used to kill enemies? and also it would be great to learn about others as well, there is another one that appears to be like a ball.(third from middle-left)
Welcome; thank you for another question on toxophilia! Question is not trivial, but is a duplicate. As best I recall, we don't know. We haven't found any historical sources that explain them. Birding is a theory (as mentioned above, but we don't have any evidence to support/refute). For research see MarkStretton and Tod's Workshop.
archive.org/details/dli.ministry.25958/page/102/mode/… says "There was one of crescent shape more than four inches across at the barbs. Though they did not penetrate easily, yet when they happen to graze a limb, they cut desperately. When discharged among bodies of troops they were found to do amazing mischief."
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