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TL;DR: Extraction of wisdom teeth, also known as third molars or dentes sapientiæ, is documented as early as 1803.
A search of MEDLINE for the MeSH term "Molar, Third" plus text strings "extraction" and "history" yielded 48 documents, of which one seems directly relevant.
Klein, C., & Lorber, C. G. (1995). Die Entwicklung ...
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