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If you are playing Role-playing games then you will know the stock adventure group by heart, but for all others here are the core concepts:

  • The adventure group is tight and stable: some people may come and go and be hired as specialists for a specific tasks, but some people are building the core group.

  • Their sole means of sustenance are tasks which are unknown for the group until they find a client willing to pay them for a task.

  • The group has also no specific profession or field for their tasks: It could be detective, mercenary, explorer, bodyguard....

  • They are searching for tasks in a typical stock tavern or looking at bulletins.

Do anyone here know if such groups as depicted here ever existed in history (at least to be notable enough) and give an example?

What does not count:

  • Explorer groups: While they are a consistent group (Example: Nansen, Shackleton, Scott), they always had a firm (in contrast to unknown) destination in mind (in those cases: The arctic in both hemispheres). They also needed to work on other fields to get their expeditions paid and prepared.

  • Migrant/transient worker: They do jobs as offered, but they lack social consistency. If someone offers a job, they take it, but as those jobs are offered to anyone, they are likely working together with unknown people, not a core group.

  • Professional group: They do only specific tasks, are specialized in it and their demand is based on their reputation. Examples are the Bow Street Runners and Pinkerton Agency as detectives, the Swiss mercenaries as mercenaries, theRoyal Geographical Society as contact point for exploring.

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    It seems this has been asked before so you might want to read through the comments on that one expecially the ones by Pieter Geerkens.
    – Steve Bird
    Commented Apr 2, 2017 at 8:26
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    It doesn't seem likely, does it? Mercenaries or outlaws are the closest things i can think of
    – Ne Mo
    Commented Apr 2, 2017 at 8:44
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    You state that explorer groups "always had a firm (in contrast to unknown) destination in mind". That might be true for the relatively recent ones you named but the early European explorers were, in many cases, venturing into the unknown. Commented Apr 2, 2017 at 9:35
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    This is a very narrow answer with almost contradictory requirements; as a rule of thumb nobody wants their mean of sustenance to be unknown until they find a client if they do not have a very specific professional skillset that they have a reasonable opportunity of being hired (e.g. mercenaries, merchants). That sounds like signing in for starvation. The closest would be people comissioned by their lords to become ambassadors; e.g. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruy_Gonz%C3%A1lez_de_Clavijo. Fantasy tropes often only work in, well, fantasy worlds.
    – SJuan76
    Commented Apr 2, 2017 at 9:58
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    Perhaps you'd get a better answer at the literature stack. Where did Tolkien come up with his roving band of adventureuers etc. Note even they are a bit different to what you're describing
    – Ne Mo
    Commented Apr 2, 2017 at 13:28

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