Well, let' s primarily examine the Epistemological side to the study of History.
Exactly how history is interpreted and subsequently recorded, is at the center of Historical study, in particular, Historiography. One, for example, cannot ultimately know about the historical truth unless there is a meticulous approach towards evidence gathering. Whether the evidence is textually based, map based or architecturally based, the historical process, but more importantly, the historical study, cannot have any legitimacy or credibility unless there is a meticulous provision and presentation of irrefutable facts-(or the compilation of facts with the limited amount of technology and accessibility that any given society has at a certain point in time). The provision and presentation of historical evidence then allows us to gain some aspect of knowledge into a prior time. However, the knowledge that one gains from studying history is by no means an omniscient or universal knowledge, but a fractional knowledge, a partial knowledge and insight into our antecedents and origins-(whether near or distant).